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Science, technology & innovation

Should patents on Covid-19 vaccines be waived?

There is much debate about whether the patents on Covid-19 vaccines should be waived to allow low-income countries to produce doses for themselves. In current circumstances, such a course of action is likely to have little effect for good or ill. There is a global debate right now about whether vaccine patents should be waived […]

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Science, technology & innovation

What is web3 and what might it mean for the UK economy?

Many are claiming that the new era of the internet – web3 – will be the end of dominant Big Tech platforms like Google, Facebook and Apple. But this murky world of cryptocurrencies, blockchain technology and non-fungible tokens brings new risks – and policy-makers are right to be wary. Associated with libertarian politics, arcane terminology […]

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Science, technology & innovation

How do free digital products affect prices and living standards?

Through our smartphones, we have access to many free services, such as apps, social media and internet search. As we don’t directly spend money on these products, they’re not included in measures of inflation – but we often pay in other ways, whether in terms of our time or access to our data. Many of […]

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Science, technology & innovation

How is Covid-19 affecting firms’ adoption of new technologies?

Fears that the impact of the pandemic on technology adoption will exacerbate the UK’s problem of persistently weak productivity growth are not necessarily justified. Recent evidence gives cause for cautious optimism, as many firms try to ‘innovate their way out of the crisis’. In 1665, just like today, the Great Plague created the need for […]

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Science, technology & innovation

How can Northern Ireland improve its innovation ecosystem?

Some parts of Northern Ireland’s workforce are well qualified by the standards of much of the UK, but their skills are not being translated into new processes and products brought to market by businesses. A ten-year strategy seeks to foster greater innovation and a more prosperous economy. An innovation ecosystem comprises individuals, institutions and resources […]

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Science, technology & innovation

Firms’ digital innovation in the pandemic: how have workers been affected?

Covid-19 has accelerated digitisation in businesses and changes in working practices. Effective training and skills policies will be needed to support continued innovation in firms, while also building workers’ resilience in times of economic transition. The pandemic has had a major impact on businesses and their employees. Social distancing requirements, shifting patterns of demand and continued uncertainty have brought changes in working […]

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Science, technology & innovation

Big Tech: how can we promote competition in digital platform markets?

” With the growing market dominance of digital platforms like Amazon, Apple, Facebook and Google, calls for an effective policy response have become louder. New competition regulations are on the horizon, but international cooperation is needed for them to succeed. As our use of information and communications technologies has increased, a number of large digital […]

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Science, technology & innovation

What does 95% effective mean for a Covid-19 vaccine?

Pfizer/BioNTech’s vaccine was reported as being 95% effective. This number is not your chance of staying Covid-free after vaccination: rather, it estimates how much your chance rises relative to not being vaccinated. With the vaccine, your chance of staying Covid-free is in fact 99.96%. On 9 November 2020, the world woke to the uplifting news […]

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Science, technology & innovation

What does the R&D response to Covid-19 tell us about innovation?

The response of scientific research to Covid-19 suggests the possibility of scaling up innovation to confront other deadly diseases as well as global challenges like climate change. Doing so is likely to require harnessing the power of public research institutions and broadening incentives. It is hard to overstate the importance of vaccines in addressing the […]

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Science, technology & innovation

What are the social responsibilities of the dominant digital platforms?

Most digital platforms have emerged as big winners from the pandemic. Yet they are under regulatory pressure on both sides of the Atlantic. A fundamental question is whether and how these businesses should be held accountable for what happens on their websites. In the spring of 2020, like millions of others, we wondered how we […]